posts: treap: add insertion

This commit is contained in:
Bruno BELANYI 2024-07-20 19:23:13 +01:00
parent 1539ed5ce9
commit ca89605db5

View file

@ -97,3 +97,63 @@ def get(self, key: K) -> T | None:
node = node.left
return None
```
### Insertion
To insert a new `key` into the tree, we identify which leaf position it should
be inserted at. We then generate the node's priority, insert it at this
position, and rotate the node upwards until the heap property is respected.
```python
type ChildField = Literal["left, right"]
def insert(self, key: K, value: V) -> bool:
# Empty treap base-case
if self._root is None:
self._root = Node(key, value)
# Signal that we're not overwriting the value
return False
# Keep track of the parent chain for rotation after insertion
parents = []
node = self._root
while node is not None:
# Insert a pre-existing key
if node.key == key:
node.value = value
return True
# Go down the tree, keep track of the path through the tree
field = "left" if key < node.key else "right"
parents.append((node, field))
node = getattr(node, field)
# Key wasn't found, we're inserting a new node
child = Node(key, value)
parent, field = parents[-1]
setattr(parent, field, child)
# Rotate the new node up until we respect the decreasing priority property
self._rotate_up(child, parents)
# Key wasn't found, signal that we inserted a new node
return False
def _rotate_up(
self,
node: Node[K, V],
parents: list[tuple[Node[K, V], ChildField]],
) -> None:
while parents:
parent, field = parents.pop()
# If the parent has higher priority, we're done rotating
if parent.priority >= node.priority:
break
# Check for grand-parent/root of tree edge-case
if parents:
# Update grand-parent to point to the new rotated node
grand_parent, field = parents[-1]
setattr(grand_parent, field, node)
else:
# Point the root to the new rotated node
self._root = node
other_field = "left" if field == "right" else "right"
# Rotate the node up
setattr(parent, field, getattr(node, other_field))
setattr(node, other_field, parent)
```