From b8ed1d773d49aae2556645ad753ab3031e4fd42f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Bruno BELANYI <bruno@belanyi.fr>
Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2024 15:54:02 -0500
Subject: [PATCH] 2018: d04: ex1: add solution

---
 2018/d04/ex1/ex1.py | 78 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 78 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 2018/d04/ex1/ex1.py

diff --git a/2018/d04/ex1/ex1.py b/2018/d04/ex1/ex1.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4c4b161
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2018/d04/ex1/ex1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import sys
+from collections import Counter, defaultdict
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+
+class DateTime(NamedTuple):
+    year: int
+    month: int
+    day: int
+    hour: int
+    min: int
+
+
+class Log(NamedTuple):
+    datetime: DateTime
+    event: str
+
+
+def solve(input: str) -> int:
+    def parse_datetime(input: str) -> DateTime:
+        date, time = input.split()
+        year, month, day = map(int, date.split("-"))
+        hour, min = map(int, time.split(":"))
+        return DateTime(year, month, day, hour, min)
+
+    def parse_log(input: str) -> Log:
+        date, event = input.split("] ")
+        return Log(parse_datetime(date.removeprefix("[")), event)
+
+    def parse(input: list[str]) -> list[Log]:
+        return [parse_log(line) for line in input]
+
+    def parse_guard_number(log: Log) -> int:
+        assert log.event.startswith("Guard #")  # Sanity check
+        assert log.event.endswith(" begins shift")  # Sanity check
+        return int(log.event.split()[1].removeprefix("#"))
+
+    def guards_events(logs: list[Log]) -> dict[int, list[Log]]:
+        res: dict[int, list[Log]] = defaultdict(list)
+        current_guard = parse_guard_number(logs[0])
+        for log in logs[1:]:
+            if log.event == "falls asleep" or log.event == "wakes up":
+                res[current_guard].append(log)
+            else:
+                current_guard = parse_guard_number(log)
+        return res
+
+    def sleep_counts(logs: list[Log]) -> Counter[int]:
+        res: Counter[int] = Counter()
+        assert len(logs) % 2 == 0  # Sanity check
+        for i in range(0, len(logs), 2):
+            assert logs[i].event == "falls asleep"  # Sanity check
+            assert logs[i + 1].event == "wakes up"  # Sanity check
+            start, end = logs[i].datetime, logs[i + 1].datetime
+            res.update(range(start.min, end.min))
+        return res
+
+    def guard_sleep_counts(
+        guard_logs: dict[int, list[Log]],
+    ) -> dict[int, Counter[int]]:
+        return {guard: sleep_counts(logs) for guard, logs in guard_logs.items()}
+
+    logs = sorted(parse(input.splitlines()))
+    guard_logs = guards_events(logs)
+    guard_sleeps = guard_sleep_counts(guard_logs)
+    most_asleep = max(guard_sleeps, key=lambda guard: sum(guard_sleeps[guard].values()))
+    return most_asleep * guard_sleeps[most_asleep].most_common()[0][0]
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    input = sys.stdin.read()
+    print(solve(input))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()