2022: d09: ex1: add solution

2022/d09/ex1/ex1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import dataclasses
+import enum
+import sys
+from typing import NamedTuple
+
+
+def sign(n: int) -> int:
+    if n > 0:
+        return 1
+    elif n < 0:
+        return -1
+    return 0
+
+
+class Direction(enum.Enum):
+    UP = "U"
+    DOWN = "D"
+    LEFT = "L"
+    RIGHT = "R"
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Move:
+    dir: Direction
+    len: int
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_input(cls, line: str) -> "Move":
+        d, l = line.split()
+        return cls(Direction(d), int(l))
+
+
+class Point(NamedTuple):
+    x: int
+    y: int
+
+    def move(self, direction: Direction) -> "Point":
+        match direction:
+            case Direction.UP:
+                dx, dy = 1, 0
+            case Direction.DOWN:
+                dx, dy = -1, 0
+            case Direction.LEFT:
+                dx, dy = 0, -1
+            case Direction.RIGHT:
+                dx, dy = 0, 1
+        return Point(self.x + dx, self.y + dy)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Rope:
+    points: list[Point] = dataclasses.field(init=False)
+    _tail_positions: set[Point] = dataclasses.field(init=False)
+
+    def __init__(self, *, length: int = 2) -> None:
+        assert length > 0
+        self.points = [Point(0, 0)] * length
+        self._tail_positions = {self.points[-1]}
+
+    def move(self, move: Move) -> None:
+        for _ in range(move.len):
+            self.points[0] = self.points[0].move(move.dir)
+            for i in range(1, len(self.points)):
+                self.points[i] = self.__move_tail(self.points[i - 1], self.points[i])
+            self._tail_positions.add(self.points[-1])
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def __move_tail(head: Point, tail: Point) -> Point:
+        delta_x, delta_y = head.x - tail.x, head.y - tail.y
+
+        if abs(delta_x) <= 1 and abs(delta_y) <= 1:
+            return tail
+
+        dx, dy = sign(delta_x), sign(delta_y)
+        return Point(tail.x + dx, tail.y + dy)
+
+
+def solve(input: list[str]) -> int:
+    moves = map(Move.from_input, input)
+    rope = Rope(length=2)
+
+    for move in moves:
+        rope.move(move)
+
+    return len(rope._tail_positions)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    input = sys.stdin.read().splitlines()
+    print(solve(input))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()