From 3afecbf47e202cea0c3d5b03bbe05f0b883d7064 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Bruno BELANYI <bruno@belanyi.fr>
Date: Tue, 5 Dec 2023 20:06:23 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] 2023: d05: ex2: add solution

---
 2023/d05/ex2/ex2.py | 105 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 105 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 2023/d05/ex2/ex2.py

diff --git a/2023/d05/ex2/ex2.py b/2023/d05/ex2/ex2.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7b7bd27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2023/d05/ex2/ex2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import itertools
+import sys
+from typing import NamedTuple, Optional
+
+
+class AlmanacMapLine(NamedTuple):
+    dest_start: int
+    source_start: int
+    map_len: int
+
+
+class AlmanacMap(NamedTuple):
+    lines: list[AlmanacMapLine]
+
+    def map(self, input: int) -> int:
+        for l in self.lines:
+            if input < l.source_start:
+                continue
+            if (l.source_start + l.map_len) <= input:
+                continue
+            return l.dest_start + (input - l.source_start)
+        return input
+
+
+Almanac = dict[str, tuple[str, AlmanacMap]]
+SeedRanges = list[tuple[int, int]]
+
+
+def solve(input: str) -> int:
+    def parse_almanac_map_line(line: str) -> AlmanacMapLine:
+        dest_start, source_start, map_len = map(int, line.split(" "))
+        return AlmanacMapLine(dest_start, source_start, map_len)
+
+    def parse_almanac_map(lines: list[str]) -> tuple[str, str, AlmanacMap]:
+        source, dest = lines[0].split(" ")[0].split("-")[::2]
+
+        map_lines = [parse_almanac_map_line(line) for line in lines[1:]]
+
+        return source, dest, AlmanacMap(map_lines)
+
+    def parse_almanac(paragraphs: list[str]) -> Almanac:
+        res: Almanac = {}
+
+        for raw_map in paragraphs:
+            source, dest, map = parse_almanac_map(raw_map.splitlines())
+            res[source] = dest, map
+
+        return res
+
+    def parse(input: str) -> tuple[SeedRanges, Almanac]:
+        raw_seeds, *raw_almanac = input.split("\n\n")
+
+        parsed_seed = [int(n) for n in raw_seeds.removeprefix("seeds: ").split(" ")]
+        seed_ranges = list(zip(parsed_seed[::2], parsed_seed[1::2]))
+
+        return seed_ranges, parse_almanac(raw_almanac)
+
+    # Each input is piped to exactly one output type, so we can reverse it easily
+    def reverse_almanac(almanac: Almanac) -> Almanac:
+        def reverse_map_line(line: AlmanacMapLine) -> AlmanacMapLine:
+            return AlmanacMapLine(
+                dest_start=line.source_start,
+                source_start=line.dest_start,
+                map_len=line.map_len,
+            )
+
+        def reverse_map(map: AlmanacMap) -> AlmanacMap:
+            return AlmanacMap([reverse_map_line(line) for line in map.lines])
+
+        reversed: Almanac = {}
+
+        for source, (dest, map) in almanac.items():
+            reversed[dest] = source, reverse_map(map)
+
+        return reversed
+
+    def lowest_location(seeds: SeedRanges, inverse_almanac: Almanac) -> int:
+        def recurse(input: int, input_type: str) -> Optional[int]:
+            if input_type == "seed":
+                for start, length in seeds:
+                    if start <= input and input < (start + length):
+                        return input
+                return None
+
+            new_input_type, map = inverse_almanac[input_type]
+            return recurse(map.map(input), new_input_type)
+
+        for location in itertools.count():
+            if recurse(location, "location") is not None:
+                return location
+        assert False  # Sanity check
+
+    seeds, almanac = parse(input)
+    return lowest_location(seeds, reverse_almanac(almanac))
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    input = sys.stdin.read()
+    print(solve(input))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()