2022: d14: ex1: add solution

2022/d14/ex1/ex1.py

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import dataclasses
+import itertools
+import sys
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from typing import NamedTuple, Optional
+
+
+def sign(n: int) -> int:
+    if n > 0:
+        return 1
+    elif n < 0:
+        return -1
+    return 0
+
+
+class Point(NamedTuple):
+    x: int
+    y: int
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_input(cls, input: str) -> "Point":
+        x, y = input.split(",")
+        return cls(int(x), int(y))
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class Line:
+    points: list[Point]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_input(cls, input: str) -> "Line":
+        points = [Point.from_input(p) for p in input.split(" -> ")]
+        return cls(points)
+
+    @property
+    def all_points(self) -> set[Point]:
+        res: set[Point] = set()
+
+        for start, end in itertools.pairwise(self.points):
+            dx, dy = sign(end.x - start.x), sign(end.y - start.y)
+            res.add(start)
+            while start != end:
+                start = Point(start.x + dx, start.y + dy)
+                res.add(start)
+
+        return res
+
+
+def solve(input: list[str]) -> int:
+    lines = [Line.from_input(line) for line in input]
+    all_points = set.union(*(line.all_points for line in lines))
+    max_height = max(p.y for p in all_points)
+
+    def sand_candidates(p: Point) -> Iterator[Point]:
+        for dx, dy in ((0, 1), (-1, 1), (1, 1)):
+            yield Point(p.x + dx, p.y + dy)
+
+    def add_sand(points: set[Point]) -> Optional[Point]:
+        start = Point(500, 0)
+
+        assert start not in points  # Sanity check
+
+        while True:
+            # Steady state was reached
+            if start.y >= max_height:
+                return None
+
+            viable_candidates = (p for p in sand_candidates(start) if p not in points)
+            candidate = next(viable_candidates, None)
+            # Sand can't fall any lower
+            if candidate is None:
+                break
+            start = candidate
+
+        return start
+
+    res = 0
+    while True:
+        grain = add_sand(all_points)
+        if grain is None:
+            break
+        all_points.add(grain)
+        res += 1
+    return res
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    input = sys.stdin.read().splitlines()
+    print(solve(input))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()